Introduction

In this article, we will take the first step inside physical computing world.
Physical Computing, in the broadest sense, means building interactive physical systems by the use of software and hardware that can sense and respond to the analog world. In physical computing, we take the human body as a given, and attempt to design within the limits of its expression. (Wikipedia Definition)
Background
To be able to understand this article, those things must be clear for you:
1- Binary System
As we all know, the only understandable commands for any computer is the (On/Off) power commands which represented as 0 and 1.
And for those two commands, we have only three logical operators. They are (AND, OR and NOT).
And: 1 AND 1 is 1, anything else is equal to Zero.
OR: 0 OR 0 is 0, anything else is equal to One.
Not: Not 1 is Zero, Not 0 is One.
Those three operators are implemented using transistors so they will be able to deal with electricity and give the result.
After that, we have started implementing many functions using those three operators. And collecting them in some electric circles called gates, using those only we are able to build what we call as IC which can perform more complex operations to the data, and for storage also using the concept of flip flops.
You don't need to understand all of this, but at least you must understand the general points of how we can build computer using only (0 and 1).